WHY IT MATTERS: If cannabis use is shown to reliably alter how the brain anticipates rewards, patients and clinicians will need to weigh that consideration more carefully when evaluating long-term therapeutic use, particularly for conditions like anxiety or chronic pain where motivation and mood are already affected. CLINICAL OVERVIEW: Research examining cannabis use and brain reward circuitry has produced inconsistent results, with some studies suggesting blunted responses to non-drug rewards and others showing minimal or no effect. The complexity likely stems from variables including frequency of use, age of initiation, cannabinoid content, and individual neurobiological differences that are difficult to control across study populations.