WHY IT MATTERS: Patients using cannabis vaporizers currently have no reliable way to know whether the terpene content listed on a product label reflects what they are actually inhaling, which directly affects both safety and therapeutic predictability. CLINICAL OVERVIEW: Terpenes are aromatic compounds found in cannabis that contribute to the distinct sensory profiles of different cultivars, and growing evidence suggests they also interact with cannabinoids to shape pharmacological effects through what researchers call the entourage effect. Standardizing terpene content in cannabis vaporizers is scientifically complex because these compounds are volatile, degrade with heat and oxygen exposure, and vary considerably across extraction and formulation methods.