WHY IT MATTERS: Older adults who use or are considering cannabis for conditions like pain, sleep, or anxiety can discuss this research with their physicians without the added concern that long-term use may increase their risk of cognitive decline or dementia. CLINICAL OVERVIEW: Emerging longitudinal research is adding to a growing body of evidence suggesting that lifetime cannabis use in older adults does not appear to accelerate cognitive decline or meaningfully elevate dementia risk. This is clinically significant because older adults represent one of the fastest-growing demographics of cannabis users, and concerns about neurological harm have historically discouraged both patient use and physician engagement.